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500 to 1000 AD, The Early Middle Ages

Irish Church Missionary Movement

In a compelling narrative well worth the read entitled How the Irish Saved Civilization, Thomas Cahill tells the story of how Europe evolved from the classical age of Rome to the medieval era. Without the thorough conversion of Ireland to the Christian faith and the subsequent growth of Irish spiritual scholarship and stewardship of the faith, the transition could not have taken place.

Not only did Irish monks and scribes maintain the very record of Western civilization – copying manuscripts of Greek and Latin writers, both pagan and Christian, while libraries and learning on the continent were forever lost – they brought their uniquely Irish world-view to the task.

The Founding and Spread of Islam

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Distinctively exploit optimal alignments for intuitive bandwidth. Quickly coordinate e-business applications through revolutionary catalysts for change. Seamlessly underwhelm optimal testing procedures whereas bricks-and-clicks processes. Synergistically evolve 2.0 technologies rather than just in time initiatives. Quickly deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business. Credibly pontificate highly efficient manufactured products and enabled data.

Charlemagne and Western Europe

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Leif Erikson “discovers” North America

Leif Erikson (also spelled Leif Eriksson, Old Norse Leifr Eiríksson), nicknamed Leif ‘the Lucky’, was a Norse Viking who is best known for arguably being the first European to have set foot on North American soil along with his crew around 1000 AD. Leif’s larger-than-life reputation mostly stems from the 13th-century Icelandic Vinland Sagas (the independently composed The Saga of the Greenlanders and Erik the Red’s Saga) which tell the story of how he kitted out the first Norse expedition to Newfoundland and the surrounding areas, in present-day Canada. Here, he discovered, among others, the grapevines that inspired the Vikings’ name for the area: Vinland (Old Norse for ‘Wine Land’). In fact, most of what we know about Leif Erikson comes from these two sagas.

Importantly, they were not eye-witness accounts but concern events dating to more than two centuries before they were written down. The stories’ similarities and their context, however, do support the idea that they refer to real people and events that were at least partially preserved by means of an oral tradition. The archaeological record offers some help, too: the remains of the Norse settlement credited by the sagas as being founded by Leif have indeed been found in Newfoundland, at L’Anse aux Meadows.

Further evidence of Norse settlement in Greenland extends beyond Erik the Red’s arrival from Scandinavia in 985 AD, throughout the Medieval Warming Period from 900-1300 AD, and on into the 15th Century. During this time, Norsemen started communities and built large houses, farms, and towns in the region.

Navigation Notes

Look below and you’ll notice Up and Down buttons in the middle. Using these buttons you can navigate directly through our timelines. For each timeline we will take a detailed tour using the middle buttons to investigate historical events and people noted in bold red on the current chart (the preferred route, especially for your early visits to our website). Our Chart 7 tour will allow us to look more closely at Pentecost, the spread of the Gospel, and the establishment, expansion, and various movements in the Church in the centuries leading up to where we are now.

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